He could not find a job so he changed his name and claimed to belong to another tribe

 

One of my family members travelled to another Arab country looking for work there, then he obtained a paper saying that he belonged to such and such a tribe and that he was known to them, then he changed his name altogether. The Shaykh of that tribe certified the paper in the hope of cooperating with him to obtain some official papers of his own. Now he is working because of that paper, and things have become easier for him. My question is: is this regarded as toying with lineages? Is this work haraam according to sharee’ah? Please note that he is sponsoring all of his family and he has to work and help them and his father knows that he has changed his name and the name of his tribe in order to get this job.

Praise be to Allaah.

This action
is clearly haraam, because it involves attributing himself to someone other
than his father and his tribe, and because it involves lying and deceit, and
it may lead to other wrongful things that have to do with inheritance and
who one’s mahrams are. 

Al-Bukhaari
(3508) and Muslim (61) narrated from Abu Dharr (may Allaah be pleased with
him) that he heard the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon
him) say: “Any man who knowingly claims to belong to someone other than his
father is guilty of kufr, and anyone who claims to belong to a people when
he is not one of them, let him take his place in Hell.” 

Al-Bukhaari
(6767) and Muslim (63) narrated that Sa’d (may Allaah be pleased with him)
said: I heard the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him)
say: “Whoever claims to belong to someone who is not his father, knowing
that he is not his father, Paradise will be forbidden to him.” 

What your
relative has to do is tear up this paper and attribute himself to his father
and his real tribe, and repent to Allaah, may He be exalted, for what he has
done. The Shaykh of the tribe must also repent to Allaah, may He be exalted,
for lying and cooperating in deceit. 

The Standing
Committee for Issuing Fatwas was asked about what people often do in order
to obtain a passport, which is testifying that So and so was born in
Bahrain, whether they are certain of that or not. Is this a type of bearing
false witness? 

They
replied: 

It is not
permissible for a person to give testimony except with regard to that which
he knows by seeing or hearing it, because Allaah says (interpretation of the
meaning): 

“except
for those who bear witness to the truth knowingly”

[al-Zukhruf 43:86] 

“And
follow not (O man, i.e., say not, or do not, or witness not) that of which
you have no knowledge. Verily, the hearing, and the sight, and the heart of
each of those ones will be questioned (by Allaah)”

[al-Isra’
17:36] 

It was
narrated that Ibn ‘Abbaas (may Allaah be pleased with him) said: The
Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) was
asked about testimony, and he said: “Do you see the sun?” He said: Yes. He
said: “Bear witness to something like that or else leave it alone.” Narrated
by al-Khallaal. 

Based on the
above, it is not permissible for anyone to bear witness that So and so was
born in Bahrain unless he knows that. Whoever bears witness that So and so
was born in Bahrain when he knows that he is lying, this is false witness,
and he is included in the warning that is proven in the Qur’aan and Sunnah.
End quote. 

Fataawa
al-Lajnah al-Daa’imah (23/505). 

If this has
to do with lying about one’s place of birth, then how about if one changes
one's lineage and tribe? 

The fact
that this man could not find work, or has to support a family, or his father
knows about that, does not justify him committing this great evil. 

Whoever
fears Allaah, He will protect him and suffice him and provide him from
(sources) he never could imagine.  

We ask
Allaah to set our affairs straight and those of all the Muslims. 

And Allaah knows
best.

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